These British women actively shaped the mercantile and diplomatic activities that linked the Maghreb to Britain and the wider Mediterranean world.

Thomas Bowrey’s account of Bay of Bengal (1669-1679) serves as a vital record of a global order that was interconnected yet decentralised hegemonically.

In 'The Renegado', the control of Muslim women is a site for constructing European racial, masculine superiority in contrast to perceived Muslim inferiority.

John Fletcher's 'The Island Princess' and BBC's 'The Spice Trail': how the figure of a princess connects Maluku to Britain across 400 years.

As an early modern English playwright, Shakespeare uses the scimitar as a sign of Eastern otherness and the anxieties associated with it across time and space.

A conversation between Vani Effendi and Sir Thomas Baines shows a willingness to understand theological differences between Islam and Christianity in 1676